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Book Summary InformationAuthor: Dorothy L. Cheney, Robert M. Seyfarth Edition: Paperback Audio: English (Unknown); English (Original Language); English (Published) Published: 2008-09-15 ISBN: 0226102440 Number of pages: 358 Publisher: University Of Chicago Press
Book Reviews of Baboon Metaphysics: The Evolution of a Social MindBook Review: An extremely well-written and interesting book. Summary: 5 Stars
I picked up this book as almost an afterthought after some picking out some of the more obvious books in primatology. Despite what a certain other author implies in his books on bonobos and chimps, I felt it might be interesting to find what primates who had branched off a little earlier than the Great Apes were like, to get a better picture of our most primal instincts and concerns. I definitely wasn't disappointed in this regard.
This book is everything I could have wished for and more. I would say this is the best book I have on primatology. A close second would be Chimpanzee Politics, which is also very well-written and it's on specifically chimps. This doesn't just stick to baboons, it goes into every single aspect of primatology and beyond. It talks about language, social structure etc., but it has a lot on their excellent baboon studies as well. Every page is choc-a-block with interesting information and the authors are extremely careful not to try to put any bias on their information. It's hard to read at first it's so comprehensive, and yet it's so good that I surprised myself by being drawn into it and reading it first out of all the books I got.
It's entertaining, warm, interesting, logical and extremely comprehensive, again in ALL aspects of what we can learn from primatology. It delivers every part of the argument and what could be argued and tries to put things in a clinical way. Occasionally I got the impression they were even a little too harsh on their primate friends at times, for example concluding that unlike apes, monkeys don't really have a real concept of empathy or theory of mind.
The only caveat I have is that much of the commentary in the "theory of mind" chapters is pretty empty. The authors make such allegations as that if a dog appears confused or doesn't want to do something (such as jump into a car after being commanded to), that it doesn't prove him being "aware" of him not wanting to do it. They also go on and on and on and on and on and on (you get the idea), about whether or not a baboon/monkeys etc. are "self-aware" and have a concept of others and "know" there are others with thoughts and motives of their own. This is a pure and unabashed superiority-complex, determined to put down animals other than ourselves and give reasons as to why they're not really conscious.
Of course the baboons know others have intentions, they look at what each other is doing and calculate and plot and threaten and so on. It's what you yourself have observed and reported. Do WE as HUMANS know others have intentions? Why yes, of course we do as well. We obtain our information about them in the exact same way, just that we have a hugely bigger brain than them (and of course our world is much different now). As is well-known and yet they neglected to mention, the chimpanzee "other person's sight" test only failed on humans and only because chimps often regard humans as all-seeing, all-knowing beings (and who could blame them considering the magical things humans to them to do/know?). The test worked when put against other dominant chimps, ie. yes they CLEARLY saw their intentions. At one point having reduced themselves out of all logical ways in which humans had "awareness" or "metacognition" and baboons didn't, they quoted someone else as saying: "because we can report it", which is in my view a farcical argument and just relies on the fact that (modern) humans have language and baboons do not. They overglamourise the human mind, we don't really have any special magical intellect either apart from looking at individuals' behaviours and today usually using the knowledge we acquired from language.
Summary of Baboon Metaphysics: The Evolution of a Social MindIn 1838 Charles Darwin jotted in a notebook, ?He who understands baboon would do more towards metaphysics than Locke.? Baboon Metaphysics is Dorothy L. Cheney and Robert M. Seyfarth?s fascinating response to Darwin?s challenge. Cheney and Seyfarth set up camp in Botswana?s Okavango Delta, where they could intimately observe baboons and their social world. Baboons live in groups of up to 150, including a handful of males and eight or nine matrilineal families of females. Such numbers force baboons to form a complicated mix of short-term bonds for mating and longer-term friendships based on careful calculations of status and individual need. But Baboon Metaphysics is concerned with much more than just baboons? social organization?Cheney and Seyfarth aim to fully comprehend the intelligence that underlies it. Using innovative field experiments, the authors learn that for baboons, just as for humans, family and friends hold the key to mitigating the ill effects of grief, stress, and anxiety. Written with a scientist?s precision and a nature-lover?s eye, Baboon Metaphysics gives us an unprecedented and compelling glimpse into the mind of another species. ?The vivid narrative is like a bush detective story.??Steven Poole, Guardian ?Baboon Metaphysics is a distillation of a big chunk of academic lives. . . . It is exactly what such a book should be?full of imaginative experiments, meticulous scholarship, limpid literary style, and above all, truly important questions.??Alison Jolly, Science ?Cheney and Seyfarth found that for a baboon to get on in life involves a complicated blend of short-term relationships, friendships, and careful status calculations. . . . Needless to say, the ensuing political machinations and convenient romantic dalliances in the quest to become numero uno rival the bard himself.??Science News ?Cheney and Seyfarth?s enthusiasm is obvious, and their knowledge is vast and expressed with great clarity. All this makes Baboon Metaphysics a captivating read. It will get you thinking?and maybe spur you to travel to Africa to see it all for yourself.??Asif A. Ghazanfar, Nature ?Through ingenious playback experiments . . . Cheney and Seyfarth have worked out many aspects of what baboons used their minds for, along with their limitations. Reading a baboon?s mind affords an excellent grasp of the dynamics of baboon society. But more than that, it bears on the evolution of the human mind and the nature of human existence.??Nicholas Wade, New York Times
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