Exit Ghost

Exit Ghost
by Philip Roth

Exit Ghost
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Book Summary Information

Author: Philip Roth
Edition: Hardcover
Audio: English (Unknown); English (Original Language); English (Published)
Published: 2007-10-01
ISBN: 0618915478
Number of pages: 304
Publisher: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt

Book Reviews of Exit Ghost

Book Review: Exit Ghost
Summary: 5 Stars

Exit Ghost is the ninth Nathan Zuckerman novel and, according to Philip Roth and his publishers, it will be the last. We have seen Zuckerman as a young author in his mid twenties, anxious to be taken seriously, enamoured with the writing lifestyle of Lonoff, a forgotten Jewish short story author. We have seen him in his forties, sexually active, sexually obsessed. And the last we saw of him was throughout Roth's great 90s trilogy, the 'American trilogy' where he acted less as a protagonist and more as an observer, a chronicler of American life during some of its most turbulent times. In Exit Ghost Zuckerman is old, in his seventies, and his health is failing. No longer sex obsessed, no longer the distant observer of vice and virtue, Zuckerman is what he is - an old man, a tired man, a sick man, a hopeful man and, perhaps, a man still capable of love.

From American Pastoral onwards, it has been known that Nathan Zuckerman is impotent and incontinent. Roth has portrayed his character - some would say alter ego - as accepting of this debilitation as a means to become a person solely focused upon his writing, a creature of work and nothing else. But in Exit Ghost it seems that enough is enough. Zuckerman travels to New York for an experimental, hardly guaranteed operation to help alleviate some of his troubles. Initially, he is happy - 'The procedure the next morning took fifteen minutes. So simple! A wonder! Medical magic!' - but soon he realises that by trying to take back his life, life has taken him back, also. He sees an old flame, a brief movement of the heart from back in the 1950s, Amy Bellette, once a beautiful woman from The Ghost Writer, and now a frail elderly woman dying of brain cancer. More than that, he impulsively agrees to swap his home in New England with an apartment in New York, agreement coming from the size of Jamie Logan's breasts and the whiteness of her skin. So, Jamie and Billy, her husband, are set to move into Zuckerman's home and Zuckerman is ready to move into theirs - him to recapture something he thought he didn't want and can't properly define, them to move away from the constant terror of becoming involved in another September 11.

But Zuckerman, beyond this restlessness, is restless still. After eleven years of virtually unbroken solitude, he is ill equipped to deal with the difficulties of New York city life. Mobile phones, the massed throngs of people, billboards, signs, newspapers, magazines. It is too much, an information overload, and on top of that, his operation seems unsuccessful. Kliman, an ambitious would-be biographer of Lonoff, appears to harass Zuckerman and Amy Bellette, her mind fogged from cancer, tells stories of his life and hers that may or may not have been true.

Zuckerman, at the end of his career, forgetful, poor in health, could be forgiven if he wished to indulge in memory and self congratulation. Oddly, this is something that is not done throughout the novel. Instead, almost all of the other characters say their piece on what they perceive literature to be. They are writers, all, and it goes without saying that they are readers. The prime importance of writing is given as - the writing. It is not the man which makes the writing. It is not the woman. It is the writing itself. Does a great scandal in the author's life change the impact, power, necessity or art of the works they spend their lives writing? Is the revelation of closet homosexuality or marital violence or some other secret enough to over shadow the author's true work? Zuckerman seems to think that the audience, that is the readers, believe yes, whereas writers themselves say no. He argues passionately for writing to be taken for what it is, and not what it is not.

This concept of writing being more important than the author's life is played out with some poignancy through Zuckerman's interaction with Jamie Logan. He is enamoured with her to the point of creating elaborate conversations between them, conversations where they argue sex, life, writing, reading. They converse with Zuckerman as 'He' and Jamie as 'She'. Invariably, Zuckerman comes across in these dialogues as witty and intelligent, but there is a sadness to them that allows for no physical consummation. For one, the dialogues are completely made up, extending from the awkward conversations he actually has with Jamie. But more importantly, Zuckerman is impotent, both physically and in his heart. He wants to love, but he cannot, not properly. A man who loves, no matter his inability for true consummation, would love with all that he can, every aspect of himself that still functions as it should. But Zuckerman instead falls back on his writing, scribbling endless scenes where he is, in fiction, everything he is not, in reality. The He/She dialogues indicate that Zuckerman has only his writing, now. He lusts impotently for Jamie, all he can do is write a scene where she is interested, enthusiastic, understanding, empathic. He can't write a sex scene, because it would be dishonest to what he can, as a man in his seventies suffering from incontinence and impotency, accomplish.

There is a sad tenderness to all this longing through words. Previously he has wanted to immediately tear off clothes and have wile passionate intercourse with women - The Anatomy Lesson being a great example of this - but in Exit Ghost, Zuckerman wishes merely for another shared glance. Another talk. Another chance to see. For all that the characters demand readers to focus solely on the writing, Zuckerman shows what happens when this admonition is actually followed - a life that is not a life, love that is not love. How sad that, given a young, attentive, interesting, articulate woman, all Zuckerman can do, with his wit, with his intelligence, with his stature, with his reputation as a writer, how sad is it that all he can do is turn to his papers and write, write, write.

Exit Ghost is to be the last novel featuring Zuckerman. And yet, the loose end of Lonoff's possible incestuous affair as a child, of Amy Bellette's brain cancer, of Jamie and Billy's marriage, of Kliman's biography - none of them are resolved, all are left dangling as the novel closes. If this is to be the last novel of Zuckerman, then what are we left with? An escape, an exit, an allusion to Hamlet where Zuckerman is Hamlet's father, but who is Hamlet himself? Perhaps Philip Roth will write the next Zuckerman novel as Zuckerman has written so many other novels, a fitting conclusion to one of the more enduring literary creations of the last fifty years or so.

Much has been made about the connections between Zuckerman and Roth. Is Roth Zuckerman? Is Zuckerman Roth? This novel is, largely, an answer to that, and the answer is this: Does it matter? If Zuckerman is a replica of Roth, mimicking exactly his mannerisms, eroticism's, witticisms, then so what? If Zuckerman is not, then so what? It should not and does not matter how similar they are, what matters is the writing itself. The novel should stand, or fall, on its own merits and not the personal merits of the author.

For all the questions Exit Ghost raises, that so few of them are answered is besides the point. It is the unasked questions which receive the fullest answers, and in that there is satisfaction. Closure is not necessary, dark secrets are not necessary. A writer's life does not have to be as exciting as their writing. The resounding answer is that it is the writing itself that matters, and Roth shows that in Exit Ghost. A fitting conclusion, then.

Summary of Exit Ghost

Like Rip Van Winkle returning to his hometown to find that all has changed, Nathan Zuckerman comes back to New York, the city he left eleven years before. Alone on his New England mountain, Zuckerman has been nothing but a writer: no voices, no media, no terrorist threats, no women, no news, no tasks other than his work and the enduring of old age.

Walking the streets like a revenant, he quickly makes three connections that explode his carefully protected solitude. One is with a young couple with whom, in a rash moment, he offers to swap homes. They will flee post-9/11 Manhattan for his country refuge, and he will return to city life. But from the time he meets them, Zuckerman also wants to swap his solitude for the erotic challenge of the young woman, Jamie, whose allure draws him back to all that he thought he had left behind: intimacy, the vibrant play of heart and body.

The second connection is with a figure from Zuckerman?s youth, Amy Bellette, companion and muse to Zuckerman?s first literary hero, E. I. Lonoff. The once irresistible Amy is now an old woman depleted by illness, guarding the memory of that grandly austere American writer who showed Nathan the solitary path to a writing vocation.

The third connection is with Lonoff?s would-be biographer, a young literary hound who will do and say nearly anything to get to Lonoff?s “great secret.? Suddenly involved, as he never wanted or intended to be involved again, with love, mourning, desire, and animosity, Zuckerman plays out an interior drama of vivid and poignant possibilities.

Haunted by Roth?s earlier work The Ghost Writer, Exit Ghost is an amazing leap into yet another phase in this great writer?s insatiable commitment to fiction.

The last ordeal of Nathan Zuckerman, the indomitable literary adventurer of Roth's nine Zuckerman books, like Rip Van Winkle returning to his hometown to find that all has changed, Nathan Zuckerman comes back to New York, the city he left eleven years before. Alone on his New England mountain, Zuckerman has been nothing but a writer: no voices, no media, no terrorist threats, no women, no news, no tasks other than his work and the enduring of old age.

Walking the streets like a revenant, he quickly makes three connections that explode his carefully protected solitude. One is with a young couple with whom, in a rash moment, he offers to swap homes. They will flee post-9/11 Manhattan for his country refuge, and he will return to city life. But from the time he meets them, Zuckerman also wants to swap his solitude for the erotic challenge of the young woman, Jamie, whose allure draws him back to all that he thought he had left behind: intimacy, the vibrant play of heart and body.

The second connection is with a figure from Zuckerman's youth, Amy Bellette, companion and muse to Zuckerman's first literary hero, E. I. Lonoff. The once irresistible Amy is now an old woman depleted by illness, guarding the memory of that grandly austere American writer who showed Nathan the solitary path to a writing vocation.

The third connection is with Lonoff's would-be biographer, a young literary hound who will do and say nearly anything to get to Lonoff's "great secret." Suddenly involved, as he never wanted or intended to be involved again, with love, mourning, desire, and animosity, Zuckerman plays out an interior drama of vivid and poignant possibilities.

Haunted by Roth's earlier work The Ghost Writer, Exit Ghost is an amazing leap into yet another phase in this great writer's insatiable commitment to fiction.

Exit Zuckerman: Talking with Philip Roth

When we talked with Philip Roth for the Amazon Wire podcast, we asked him about his long relationship with his fictional surrogate, Nathan Zuckerman, his decision to bring Zuckerman back (and say goodbye to him) in Exit Ghost, and the difficulties of aging for novelists, and we managed to touch on George Plimpton, Annie Dillard, Grace Paley, and The Tempest, along with nearly all of the nine Zuckerman books. You can listen to interview in the podcast above, or read the full transcript.

Zuckerman Returns to Manhattan: Philip Roth Reads from Exit Ghost

When Nathan Zuckerman returns to Manhattan from his self-imposed rural retreat for the first time in 11 years in Exit Ghost, what does he find? Along with his surprising and unsettling encounters with an aged and ill woman who had once been a young mystery to him, an aggressive biographer who won't take no for an answer, and an alluring young writer who tempts him back into the adventure of seduction, he is confronted with a city whose streets are filled with people behaving quite differently than a decade before. "For one who frequently went without talking to anyone for days at a time," he thinks. "I had to wonder what that had previously held them up had collapsed in people to make incessant talking into a telephone preferable to walking about under no one's surveillance, momentarily solitary, assimilating the street through one's animal senses and thinking the myriad thoughts that the activities of a city inspire." Listen to Philip Roth read an excerpt from Exit Ghost.

Looking Back on Zuckerman
The Ghost Writer: Introduces Nathan Zuckerman in the 1950s, a budding writer who spends a night in the secluded New England farmhouse of his idol, E. I. Lonoff, and meets a haunting young woman whom he imagines could be the paradigmatic victim of Nazi persecution.
Zuckerman Unbound: Zuckerman, with newfound fame as a bestselling author, ventures onto the streets of Manhattan in the final year of the turbulent '60s, where he is assumed by fans and enemies to be his own fictional satyr, Gilbert Carnovsky ("Hey, you do all that stuff in that book?").
The Anatomy Lesson: At 40, Zuckerman comes down with a mysterious affliction--pure pain, beginning in his neck and shoulders, invading his torso, and taking possession of his spirit. Zuckerman is unable to write a line, but the novel provides some of the funniest and fiercest scenes in all of Roth's fiction.
The Prague Orgy: In quest of the unpublished manuscript of a martyred Yiddish writer, Zuckerman travels to Soviet-occupied Prague in the mid-1970s, where he discovers, among the oppressed writers with whom he quickly becomes embroiled, an appealingly perverse kind of heroism.
Zuckerman Bound: The latest in the Library of America's collected Roth works brings together his first Zuckerman trilogy, The Ghost Writer, Zuckerman Unbound, and The Anatomy Lesson, along with the epilogue, The Prague Orgy.
The Counterlife: From New Jersey to England to the West Bank, the characters in The Counterlife, illuminated by the skeptical, enveloping intelligence of Nathan Zuckerman, are tempted unceasingly by the prospect of an alternative existence that can reverse their fate.
American Pastoral: Swede Levov, legendary high-school athlete and boyhood idol of Nathan Zuckerman, is wrenched overnight out of the American pastoral and into the indigenous American berserk when his teenage daughter proves capable of an outlandishly savage act of political terrorism.
I Married a Communist: The rise and fall of Ira Ringold, a big American roughneck who becomes a big-time 1940s radio star, takes the young Zuckerman under his wing, and is destroyed, as both a performer and a man, in the McCarthy witchhunt of the 1950s.
The Human Stain: Coleman Silk, an aging classics professor forced to retire when his colleagues decree that he is a racist, has a secret, kept for 50 years from all around him, including his friend Nathan Zuckerman, who sets out to understand how this ingeniously contrived life came unraveled.

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