Monkey: Folk Novel of China
by Wu Ch'eng-en
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Book Summary Information
Author: Wu Ch'eng-enTranslator: Arthur Waley
Introduction: Hu Shih
Edition: Paperback
Audio: English (Unknown); English (Original Language); English (Published)
Published: 1994-01-12
ISBN: 0802130860
Number of pages: 320
Publisher: Evergreen Books by Grove Weidenfeld
Book Reviews of Monkey: Folk Novel of China
Book Review: Everything old is new again
Summary: 4 Stars
Some people know the character Son Goku, from the Japanese cartoon series Dragon Ball Z. Others are familiar with Pokemon's Infernape. And still more know a similar character from a TV miniseries shown in the US in 2001 called The Lost Empire. Rumor has it that Jet Li will collaborate with Jackie Chan to portray a Sun Wukong-like character in the forthcoming movie The Forbidden Kingdom. What fans of these characters may not know, is that they are all based on China's infamous Sun Wukong--or The Monkey King.
The tale of the Sun Wukong is one of the four major Chinese literary classics. His 81-chapter story, called Journey to the West (Xi You Ji), was written by Wu Chen-En in the 1500s. Monkey's legend is based on the true story of a well-known monk, Xuan Zang (602-664), who traveled to Inida to bring the Sutra--the Buddhist holy book--to China to enlighten the people and improve their lives. In Journey to the West, however, reality gives way to a much more entertaining and fantastic version of the story.
Journey to the West is a hero's quest, elaborated with Monkey's supernatural powers, interlaced with Taoist and Buddhist practices and beliefs as well as common superstitions, embellished with fairy tales, monster stories, legends, and fables. Some of the chapters read like superhero comics, others like instructional Bible stories. Some parts of the story, as when Monkey, Pigsy, and Sandy are hiding in a Temple and outwit the priests, are downright hilarious. The Sun Wukong legend can be read as a hero-journey-quest, a political and social satire of rebellion against a corrupt government, or as pure fancy. No wonder Journey to the West has endured for so long.
It's hard to believe that as popular as Journey to the West has remained over the centuries, its author would never have admitted to writing it. Wu Chen-En was a scholar and a statesman. During the 1500s (Ming Dynasty), it was considered unfit for educated and high ranking men to read any kind of comic or popular literature. Wu was influenced in writing this tale by the super-hero stories he read secretly while in school.
The entertaining escapades of Sun Wukong have remained popular through the ages, inspiring operas, cartoons, and now movies. The tale has even spawned a Sun Wukong festival, which features recreations of many of his adventures, and a statue of Monkey stands at a Buddhist temple in Sau Mau Ping in Hong Kong. Chairman Mao was also a fan, who mentioned Monkey as a role model in many of his speeches. He said people should emulate Monkey's fearlessness in thinking, doing work, striving for his objectives, and extricating China from poverty. Sun Wukong is well-known and well-liked in modern times among children in Vietnam, Thailand, Japan, and Korea. I think Wu Chen-En would secretly be very pleased!
Summary of Monkey: Folk Novel of China
Probably the most popular book in the history of the Far East, this classic sixteenth century novel is a combination of picaresque novel and folk epic that mixes satire, allegory, and history into a rollicking adventure. It is the story of the roguish Monkey and his encounters with major and minor spirits, gods, demigods, demons, ogres, monsters, and fairies. This translation, by the distinguished scholar Arthur Waley, is the first accurate English version; it makes available to the Western reader a faithful reproduction of the spirit and meaning of the original.
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