Netherland: A Novel
by Joseph O'Neill
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Book Reviews of Netherland: A Novel
Book Review: FLYING DUTCHMAN
Summary: 5 Stars
We have to be careful with ethnic stereotypes these days, but perhaps it can be suggested without giving offence that the image of the Dutch bourgeoisie is one of rationality, level-headedness and emotions under control. Almost without exception in my experience, their command of English is perfect and they fit perfectly into careers in English-speaking nations. The narrator of Netherland is exactly such a Dutchman. In his career he is an effortless high-flyer, when separated from his wife and child he flies fortnightly to London from Niew Amsterdam to visit them without a financial qualm or any seeming sense of fatigue or jet-lag, he joins his family at a moment's notice and without any apparent change of pace in a holiday in Kerala, and his receptive imagination takes flight to Trinidad as well.
What is striking about Hans is that although a lot happens to him he is never the initiator of anything that happens. First his marriage falls apart, then by the end of the book it is getting together again, but his wife is the driver of both events. Intelligent, thoughtful and successful he may be, capable of a formidable amount of emotional resilience too, but tagging along like a tame dog in his wife's turbulent wake. Three extra-marital liaisons are mentioned, one in some detail. In this the woman seduces him, and when she then breaks off contact that's that and she is never even mentioned again. With the other two it seems to have been a similar story. Nothing of this nature is anywhere near as important to him as the game of cricket it seems. If anything in this superb novel strikes me as a little overdone it is the lengthy and loving musings on the great sport of the British Empire. It is only quite recently that I became aware that Holland and Ireland are making determined efforts to break into the imperial monopoly. Just how deep-rooted their love of the game is I am now beginning to understand from this tale put into the mouth of a Dutchman by an Irish author.
Cricket in America seems to be a game for either English émigrés (as in Waugh) or immigrants (as here). It is starting to follow soccer in being a big-money game, but the place where the money is to be made is clearly not the USA but India. Apart from the marriage/family theme, the other main narrative is of Hans's partial involvement, typically cautious, prompted and reactive on his part, with a cricket-minded immigrant entrepreneur who strongly recalls Gatsby, not least in the man's fate mentioned at the outset and partially explained near the end. I did not really find anything amounting to a theme with regard to 9/11 or the conflict in Iraq. They are mentioned because that is the timeframe in which the story is set and it would have been rather coy if they had not been referred to in a story largely taking place in New York, but the mentions are brief and incidental. It is true that Rachel cites the post-9/11 atmosphere as her reason for taking their son away from New York, but I fancy it's clear enough that if it had not been for that reason she would have found another.
This is the unfinished tale of a man whose emotions are genuine and deep - unfinished not (I hope) in the sense that there is going to be a sequel but because if anything is clear from the sequence of events here it is that neither Hans nor anyone else is likely to carry on from where the book leaves off in any placid nirvana. Hans's main characteristic is rationality. He is truthful with himself and can face up to his own shortcomings as he perceives them, but he is probably a bit too rational for his own good. If his life is going to be happy or fulfilled (whatever the latter might be in his case) that will only be so if others allow it to be. I found the whole novel to be one of the best and most involving that I have had the privilege of reading in years. I'm not myself inclined to read allegories or social/political messages into it. What this book possesses, for me, is human truth. The characterisation is exceptionally convincing, and it is helped by writing that I would describe as being of the highest quality. I do not normally have any great problem in putting novels down, but I certainly did with this one.
Book Review: A Story of New York's Immigrant Dreamers and Their Dreams
Summary: 5 Stars
Setting a novel in New York City after September 11, 2001 does not automatically make it a 9/11 novel, and Joseph O'Neill's NETHERLAND proves that point despite the nonsensical opening sentence of the book's dust jacket description, "In a New York City made phantasmagorical by the events of 9/11,..." To the contrary, the genius of O'Neill's story arises from its display of the precise opposite, that life in the great city for most resumed its normal struggling course within weeks if not days of the World Trade Center attacks. Indeed, one might well argue that NETHERLAND's message, intended or otherwise, is that the rest of the world has substantially over-inflated the impact of 9/11 on the local citizenry and their lives. Only those least attuned to the city, like Han's wife, carried the ill effects with them in the aftermath.
Hans van den Broek, an oil industry securities analyst, had moved to New York City in 1998 with his Londoner lawyer wife, Rachel; their son Jake was born in New York in 1999. Two months after the family was forced from their Tribeca home into temporary residence at the Chelsea Hotel by the post-9/11 clean-up, Rachel decides she can no longer tolerate her unresolved fears of another terrorist event. She announces her plan to return with Jake to London and, when Hans offers to leave as well, she tells him to stay. "This isn't a question of geography," she explains.
Left to his own devices, Hans is gradually drawn away from the glittering Wall Street banking world into that of the city's bedrock, its outer borough immigrant population. The driving force behind this discovery is a ceaselessly energetic Trinidadian businessman and cricket enthusiast named Chuck Ramkissoon. Chuck is one part dreamer and nine parts operator -- real estate entrepreneur, kosher sushi restaurant owner, weh-weh organizer (you'll have to read the book), and driving force behind the proposed creation of a professional cricket stadium in the area near Brooklyn's long-abandoned Floyd Bennett Field. While his residency at the Chelsea Hotel creates its own opportunities to meet such memorable characters as the angel-winged Turk, Mehmet Taspinar, it is his acquaintance with Chuck that opens Hans's eyes to "the other" New York City. Through Chuck, Hans comes to know Vinay (a Bangalorean newspaper critic of fast food shops), Eliza (Chuck's girlfriend whose profession involves custom-made personal photo albums), Mike Abelsky (Chuck's Moldavian Jewish business partner), and others. O'Neill's characters inhabit the spacious margins of New York City, the netherland seldom talked or written about that supplies the city with much of its energy and richness.
O'Neill's prose is filled with dead-on, occasionally hilarious descriptions of New York, whether it is the Department of Motor Vehicles office at Herald Square or a train ride up the eastern bank of the Hudson River past the Tappan Zee Bridge. His choice of Hans, a Dutchman, as his main character is an inspired one. The Dutch were the first European settlers of what was then New Amsterdam, and Dutch place names still abound in the city and surrounding area. Hans is both an immigrant and, in an historical sense, a returnee to the "new Netherlands" of his ancestors that some view as a never-never land and others characterize as an American netherworld.
The first few pages of the book, set in 2006, make clear that Hans and Rachel are together again in London and that Chuck's body has been found, handcuffed and dead, after floating in the Gowanus Canal for two years. Joseph O'Neill's NETHERLAND, like most true New York stories, is not about the destination but the journey and what one makes of life's opportunities after arriving. Despite Hans's ultimate return to his family in London, O'Neill makes clear that pre- or post-9/11, New York City is uniquely the world's true melting pot and never-never land. As an anonymous banker declares to Hans in the book's opening page, "New York's a very hard place to leave. And once you do leave..." His sentence ends, dangling and unfinished. No better words can be added.
Book Review: A Modern 'Great Gatsby' With Unforgettable Doomed Dreamer
Summary: 5 Stars
'Netherland' is a powerfully written novel that's deservedly being called the latest Great American Novel. The book's an introspective, slow-paced and mournful story of New York City that has the audacity to evoke both 9/11 and F. Scott Fitzgerald's 'The Great Gatsby.'
The novel concerns Dutch-born financial analyst Hans van den Broek, an affluent denizen of New York's Chelsea Hotel who loses the joy and purpose in his life when his wife Rachel flees both the city and their marriage after the trauma of 9/11, taking their infant son with her. Hans tells his own story, but devotes considerable energy to being the captivated narrator of another man's story -- a fast-talking and grandiose Trinidadian immigrant named Chuck Ramkissoon, a friend whose larger-than-life plan for achieving success and respectability in America is as doomed as that of Jay Gatsby.
This is not a spoiler. Readers learn early on that Ramkissoon has been found tied up and murdered in the Gowanus Canal.
The novel spends a great deal of time on cricket, the only spark in Hans' dark existence after his wife leaves. Although I know nothing of the sport that I didn't pick up from this book, it doesn't detract from the impact of O'Neill's long and lyrical passages about the role of the game in Hans' life, its role in the lives of first-generation American immigrants like Ramkissoon, and the invisibility of the game to most citizens of the United States, where cricket serves as a stand-in for other exotic foreign subjects we might want to know better after 9/11 shrank the planet. I was amused by the notion, held deeply by the cricket players in the book, that the U.S. will not become truly civilized until it embraces cricket. "There's a limit to what Americans understand," one of Ramkissoon's potential investors tells Hans. "That limit is cricket." Ramkissoon's big dream is to build a cricket pitch on an abandoned airfield in Brooklyn, believing it will attract the world's best teams, worldwide TV audiences and the long-withheld affection of Americans.
O'Neill packs the novel's 256 pages with observations about New Yorkers that are worth repeating. Two of my favorites occur in rapid succession when the heartsick and unsociable Hans finally lures a woman home, providing a welcome respite from his morose internal dialogue:
"... while I changed, Danielle wandered around my apartment, as was her privilege: people in New York are authorized by convention to snoop around and mentally measure and pass comment on any real estate they're invited to step into. ...
"Like an old door, every man past a certain age comes with historical warps and creaks of one kind or another, and a woman who wishes to put him to serious further use must expect to do a certain amount of sanding and planing."
In one conversation Ramkissoon uses a bit of Trinidadian slang that I really like. He derides one of his more obnoxious business associates as a pawmewan, a poor-me complainer who is always feeling sorry for himself. Hans is a huge pawmewan whose personal suffering occupies a majority of the book, but O'Neill describes the grieving and loss associated with failed marriage and parenthood with great skill.
I read that blogger Janice Harayda believes that Hans is an unreliable narrator, a prospect that adds considerable intrigue to Ramkissoon's murder. I don't know if I buy that, because O'Neill doggedly refuses to make Hans' life dramatic, devoting several pages at one point to an intolerably long day he wastes at the Department of Motor Vehicles.
Although 'Netherland' is by no stretch a thriller, O'Neill manages in Chuck Ramkissoon to create an unforgettable American character -- like Jay Gatsby another dreamer dead in the water.
Book Review: "How do you re-imagine your life?"
Summary: 4 Stars
When I first read about "Netherland" it was presented as a 9/11 novel. This is not entirely the case. In fact, 9/11 the day barely figures into the plotline at all - it is the tumultuous after-effects of 9/11 that are explored in Joseph O'Neill's infinitely clever, if flawed, novel. At the outset we meet Hans van den Broek in present-day London, where he has recently relocated in order to rejoin his wife and son after a trial separation. He gets some sad news regarding Chuck Ramkissoon, a former friend of his from his days as a single man reeling from 9/11 angst and his family's abrupt departure, news which sets Hans off on the reverie that is the plot of "Netherland". In his mind he retraces the years after that fateful September in 2001, when his happy marriage began to crack and, literally, split apart, he lost interest in his successful career, and a desperate loneliness led him into a friendship with the charismatic but morally suspect Chuck Ramkissoon. Through Hans' odyssey O'Neill does not explore 9/11 so much as he explores life in the post-9/11 world. But that is not all; O'Neill also delves deeply into the immigrant experience and the psychological effects of adopting another country as your own.
"It is truly a terrible thing when questions of love and family and home are no longer answerable." After finding himself abandoned and confused, Hans begins a quest to rediscover himself. It all starts with something most New Yorkers - most Americans, in fact - would not even notice in their everyday life: cricket. Hans discovers a cricket league formed mostly by cab drivers and such who moved to the US from countries where cricket was a regular pastime. Hans has been unmoored in his own life, so he welcomes the opportunity to revisit a beloved sport and, through it, he attempts to put his life back into perspective - to regain the sense of control that has been stolen from him ("what was an inning if not a singular opportunity to face down, by dint of effort and skill and self-mastery, the variable world?"). Hans quickly discovers that cricket in New York is very different from the European version of the game he is accustomed to, and with this metaphor intact O'Neill uses American cricket to explore the larger theme of immigration: what compromises are made, what are the sacrifices, and what aspects of the self are lost when one moves from one country to another? What does one find? What are the gains? It's actually rather fascinating. Were this and Hans' desolation as he wanders alone in the city the primary focus of the novel it would have been better.
Unfortunately, O'Neill is more interested in introducing Chuck Ramkissoon, a Trinidadian émigré who schemes to bring cricket to the forefront of the American consciousness, and a fortune to himself in the process. His is the more traditional, prosaic tale of one man's desperation for the American dream - heightened by the fact that as an immigrant, Chuck feels like he is only seeking what he was promised, but nevertheless the plotline feels stale and unimaginative. And that is particularly disappointing because the rest of "Netherland" sparkles with originality and wit. When it inevitably comes to light that Chuck has been dealing with shady characters to make his American dream a reality, sealing his fate once and for all, it is not terribly surprising or compelling. It's too fitting, really.
"Netherland" is at its best when it is telling Hans' story, and it is unfortunate then that the bulk of it is tied up so intimately with Chuck's story - because Hans' journey is infinitely more effecting and touching. Still, O'Neill proves to be a remarkably talented writer, and it will be interesting to see what his next move is.
Grade: B
Book Review: Beautiful but understated, rather like cricket
Summary: 4 Stars
Hans van den Broek is a pleasant chap: observant, often witty, cricket-loving, and kind to the strangest of strangers. This characterization of the narrator, along with some beautiful and perceptive prose, is what gives Netherland its special appeal, for this is a retrospective novel of sparse drama and little suspense. Another attraction is the unusual milieu: the New York cricket scene, and its largely South Asian and West Indian membership. A second milieu, the famously offbeat Chelsea Hotel, is a tad predictable as an urban microcosm (as is the amiable eccentricity of its inhabitants) but O'Neill refreshes the device with gentle humor. Passages set in Holland and London add further cosmopolitanism, quite fitting to this story of global migrants.
Chuck Ramkissoon, Hans's driven and ethically suspect friend, is a Trinidadian Gatsby for our times, a self-centered dreamer with a shady fortune who still inspires affection and loyalty. And there's much of Nick Carraway about Hans: a level-headed outsider both drawn to and wary of his exotic friend, a capable man who makes a decent living in the city but opts to follow his heart and leave. Where Netherland differs most from Gatsby is in its embrace of New York. This is a "post-9/11 novel," or so Michiko Kakutani described it in the New York Times. While there's some discussion of the malaise that followed the attacks - the strain threatens to scupper Hans' marriage to Rachel (a smart but shrill Brit) - O'Neill is more interested in celebrating New York's endless power to create possibility for new generations of immigrants. NYC is a vortex of enthusiasm, and though Hans is rather unhappy there, he warms to its energizing, regenerating effect on others.
Without overdoing it, O'Neill peppers his tale with arresting imagery. The Staten Island cricket field where Hans plays is surrounded by houses with elaborate gardens. "For as long as anyone can remember, the local residents have tolerated the occasional crash of a cricket ball, arriving like a gigantic meteoritic cranberry, into their flowering shrubbery." O'Neill does a fine job of explaining cricket to the American majority without boring the initiated.
The story has a meandering structure, switching back and forth in time, a fractured chronology that encourages connections and contrasts. But it's overdone. It's self-consciously literary. The main effect is to de-emphasize drama and keep the focus on observation, yet O'Neill could have struck a better balance between action and thought. We have the makings of a much more emotionally compelling story - What will happen to Chuck and his dream of a first-class Brooklyn cricket ground? What will happen to Hans and Rachel's marriage? - but these outcomes are revealed within the first two pages. Rather like a five-day game of cricket between teams unafraid of a draw, the novel is an exercise in understatement, eliciting only moderate emotional investment, mildly pleasurable with occasional flashes of brilliance.
Since critics (NYT, New Yorker) consider Netherland exemplary, it seems to me that Tom Wolfe's complaint of 20 years ago is still valid: modern fiction remains too concerned with literary effect and intellectual contemplation and too little interested in enthralling stories. I'm not arguing for gratuitous pushing of readers' buttons, or for catharsis, but for the kind of alternately unsettling and inspiring storytelling that Wolfe advocated when he called for a return to the spirit of Dickens. The "post-9/11 novel" surely deserves as much.