Security Analysis: The Classic 1951 Edition
by Benjamin Graham
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Book Summary Information
Author: Benjamin GrahamEdition: Hardcover
Audio: English (Unknown); English (Original Language); English (Published)
Published: 2004-12-10
ISBN: 0071448209
Number of pages: 770
Publisher: McGraw-Hill
Book Reviews of Security Analysis: The Classic 1951 Edition
Book Review: A true classic
Summary: 4 Stars
I have read this book twice now - one time is certainly not sufficient to absorb all of its wisdom - ten times probably would not suffice. There are some people who question whether this book is still relevant because it was published over half a century ago. I doubt they ever took the time to read it, or if they read it, I doubt that they really thought about it.
The book's central point is that an investment should be made based upon a thorough investigation of the investment's merits - not on the market generally, or interest rates, etc. It does not promise an easy path to riches - the techniques take work. However, Graham and Dodd's theory of focusing on safety of principal plus satisfactory return has been time-tested, and no one can question the success that Graham's disciples such as Warren Buffett have enjoyed.
A few interesting points: the book is not limited to equity investments. As Security Analysis highlights, equity investments and debt investments are similar insofar as both lay claim to the underlying assets of a company (they are different in the priority they have if the company does not make money).
The book also contains an excellent section on analyzing financial statements. Many of the accounting concerns that this book raised in 1951 occured during the Internet bubble (such as the effect of stock options on a company's value and the use of write-offs to manage earnings). So much for the book being dated!
Even though the book does spend some time analyzing utilities and railroads, the underlying approach used there does have some relevance to other companies.
Although many people simply associate Benjamin Graham with low p/e ratio investing, Security Analysis discusses various means to review and understand an entire company. Thus, although p/e ratio is one factor Security Analysis considers, it is far from the only one.
The book also contains a great discussion of how dividends may affect a company's value (largely based, it appears, on the work of John Burr Williams, author of "The Theory of Investment Value"), as well as an insightful overview of stockholder/management issues.
If I have any criticisms of this book, it is that it pre-dates the use of cash flow statements and that the writing is at times a bit slow-going. That being said, the book itself is invaluable, and I can definitely trace its effects upon any number of other works, all of which become more relevant when read in conjunction with Security Analysis. Examples include:
David Dreman - "Contrarian Investing: the Next Generation"
Martin Whitman - "The Aggressive Conservative Investor"
Mary Buffett - "Buffettology"
Rappaport, Mauboussin - "Expectations Investing: Reading Stock Prices for Better Returns"
Although these books may use different approaches than Security Analysis, it is obvious that the methods set forth therein stem, at least in part, from the theories set forth in Security Analysis.
Given that this book can be heavy, it might be useful to read Chris Browne's "Little Book of Value Investing" or Graham's "Intelligent Investor" first. In many respects, those books are really less intensive versions of Security Analysis. However, ultimately, Security Analysis is a more useful work because of its in-depth nature.
Summary of Security Analysis: The Classic 1951 Edition
With nearly a million copies sold, Security Analysis has been continuously in print for more than sixty years. No investment book in history had either the immediate impact, or the long-term relevance and value, of its first edition in 1934. By 1951, seventeen years past its original publication and more than a decade beyond its revised and acclaimed 1940 second edition, authors Benjamin Graham and David Dodd had seen business and investment markets travel from the depths of Depression to the heights of recovery, and had observed investor behavior during both the calm of peacetime and the chaos of World War II.
The prescient thinking and insight displayed by Graham and Dodd in the first two editions of Security Analysis reached new heights in the third edition. In words that could just as easily have been written today as fifty years ago, they detail techniques and strategies for attaining success as individual investors, as well as the responsibilities of corporate decision makers to build shareholder value and transparency for those investors.
The focus of the book, however, remains its timeless guidance and advice--that careful analysis of balance sheets is the primary road to investment success, with all other considerations little more than distractions. The authors had seen and survived the Great Depression as well as the political and financial instabilities of World War II and were now better able to outline a program for sensible and profitable investing in the latter half of the century.
Security Analysis: The Classic 1951 Edition marks the return of this long-out-of-print work to the investment canon. It will reacquaint you with the foundations of value investing--more relevant than ever in tumultuous twenty-first century markets--and allow you to own the third installment in what has come to be regarded as the most accessible and usable title in the history of investment publishing.
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