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Your Inner Fish: A Journey into the 3.5-Billion-Year History of the Human Body by Neil Shubin
Book Summary InformationAuthor: Neil Shubin Edition: Hardcover Audio: English (Original Language); English (Unknown); English (Published) Published: 2008-01-15 ISBN: 0375424474 Number of pages: 240 Publisher: Pantheon
Book Reviews of Your Inner Fish: A Journey into the 3.5-Billion-Year History of the Human BodyBook Review: More than skin deep Summary: 5 StarsIf you clapped a fez on the reconstruction of Neil Shubin's fish, the Taktaalik, on the cover of the paperback edition of his book, it would look a lot like Major Amos B. Hoople in Gene Ahern's old newspaper comic, "Our Boarding House." I think it is the beady eye.
We are all cousins under the skin.
In 2006, Professor Shubin and his team discovered 375-million-year-old fossils of a "fish with a wrist" in northern Canada. It was the sort of discovery that, although completely expectable for 150 years, proves a point and gets its finder in the newspapers. It gives him the opportunity to find an audience for a popular book, and "Your Inner Fish" is an amusing, informative race though developmental and evolutionary biology.
I picked it up not because I needed to learn elementary evo-devo but because it seems to have achieved a wide audience and I wanted to see what they were getting.
They get a highly concentrated overview of modern biology, in its three research aspects: fossils, embryology and molecules. For anyone who already studied biology, a lot of this is a refresher course.
For the majority of Americans who never did, "Your Inner Fish" is a gentle introduction to a topic that drives the religious bigots wild. Shubin barely alludes, once, to the existence of creationists, but the whole book is one in their eye. What Shubin does, though not in a sequential way, is mark the links in the unbroken chain from "pond scum" to us and everything else on Earth.
(The only real objection I have to his approach is his tendency to gloss over some of the oddballs in the zoo. For example, he remarks that one thing everybody knows without ever thinking about it is that each animal has two parents, four grandparents and so on. This is true when you take the really long view he is taking but does not find a slot for, for example, some kinds of aphids, which have only one parent for long time back. Probably they evolved from 2-parent ancestors, so Shubin is conceptually right. In a book so short, such compromises are inevitable.)
That there must have been a Tiktaalik, a fish with a wrist on the way to spawning fully walking descendants, was a consequence of Darwinian evolution. Other stops on the way had already been discovered. Shubin notes that paleontologists don't have much use for the idea of "missing links." Tiktaalik is a "found link."
There are thousands of such.
What Shubin does so well is meld the very recent tools of molecular analysis to show that in DNA we have (though we have not worked out all the details) a complete set of found links now.
Fossils are chancy things. But DNA goes back forever.
Biologists now can trace the sequence of wrists, like Tiktaalik's, deep into time, past limbs to fins.
Shubin does the same for other senses, like ears, noses and eyes. For eyes, the sequence now goes very, very deep indeed, even into microbes. The opsin molecule, so important to vision, turns out not to have evolved after the rise of multicellular animals but even earlier.
Although Shubin - avoiding the so-called creationism controversy
Summary of Your Inner Fish: A Journey into the 3.5-Billion-Year History of the Human BodyWhy do we look the way we do? What does the human hand have in common with the wing of a fly? Are breasts, sweat glands, and scales connected in some way? To better understand the inner workings of our bodies and to trace the origins of many of today's most common diseases, we have to turn to unexpected sources: worms, flies, and even fish.
Neil Shubin, a leading paleontologist and professor of anatomy who discovered Tiktaalik-the "missing link" that made headlines around the world in April 2006-tells the story of evolution by tracing the organs of the human body back millions of years, long before the first creatures walked the earth. By examining fossils and DNA, Shubin shows us that our hands actually resemble fish fins, our head is organized like that of a long-extinct jawless fish, and major parts of our genome look and function like those of worms and bacteria.
Shubin makes us see ourselves and our world in a completely new light. Your Inner Fish is science writing at its finest-enlightening, accessible, and told with irresistible enthusiasm. Oliver Sacks on Your Inner Fish Since the 1970 publication of Migraine, neurologist Oliver Sacks's unusual and fascinating case histories of "differently brained" people and phenomena--a surgeon with Tourette's syndrome, a community of people born totally colorblind, musical hallucinations, to name a few--have been marked by extraordinary compassion and humanity, focusing on the patient as much as the condition. His books include The Man Who Mistook His Wife for a Hat, Awakenings (which inspired the Oscar-nominated film), and 2007's Musicophilia. He lives in New York City, where he is Professor of Clinical Neurology at Columbia University.
Your Inner Fish is my favorite sort of book--an intelligent, exhilarating, and compelling scientific adventure story, one which will change forever how you understand what it means to be human. The field of evolutionary biology is just beginning an exciting new age of discovery, and Neil Shubin's research expeditions around the world have redefined the way we now look at the origins of mammals, frogs, crocodiles, tetrapods, and sarcopterygian fish--and thus the way we look at the descent of humankind. One of Shubin's groundbreaking discoveries, only a year and a half ago, was the unearthing of a fish with elbows and a neck, a long-sought evolutionary "missing link" between creatures of the sea and land-dwellers. My own mother was a surgeon and a comparative anatomist, and she drummed it into me, and into all of her students, that our own anatomy is unintelligible without a knowledge of its evolutionary origins and precursors. The human body becomes infinitely fascinating with such knowledge, which Shubin provides here with grace and clarity. Your Inner Fish shows us how, like the fish with elbows, we carry the whole history of evolution within our own bodies, and how the human genome links us with the rest of life on earth. Shubin is not only a distinguished scientist, but a wonderfully lucid and elegant writer; he is an irrepressibly enthusiastic teacher whose humor and intelligence and spellbinding narrative make this book an absolute delight. Your Inner Fish is not only a great read; it marks the debut of a science writer of the first rank. (Photo ? Elena Seibert) A Note from Author Neil Shubin This book grew out of an extraordinary circumstance in my life. On account of faculty departures, I ended up directing the human anatomy course at the University of Chicago medical school. Anatomy is the course during which nervous first-year medical students dissect human cadavers while learning the names and organization of most of the organs, holes, nerves, and vessels in the body. This is their grand entrance to the world of medicine, a formative experience on their path to becoming physicians. At first glance, you couldn't have imagined a worse candidate for the job of training the next generation of doctors: I'm a fish paleontologist. It turns out that being a paleontologist is a huge advantage in teaching human anatomy. Why? The best roadmaps to human bodies lie in the bodies of other animals. The simplest way to teach students the nerves in the human head is to show them the state of affairs in sharks. The easiest roadmap to their limbs lies in fish. Reptiles are a real help with the structure of the brain. The reason is that the bodies of these creatures are simpler versions of ours. During the summer of my second year leading the course, working in the Arctic, my colleagues and I discovered fossil fish that gave us powerful new insights into the invasion of land by fish over 375 million years ago. That discovery and my foray into teaching human anatomy led me to a profound connection. That connection became this book. Click on thumbnails for larger images | | | | The crew removing the first Tiktaalik in 2004 | Ted Daeschler and Neil Shubin propecting for new sites (Credit: Andrew Gillis) | The valley where Tiktaalik was discovered (credit: Ted Daeschler, Academy of Natural Sciences) |  | | | The models of Tiktaalik being constructed for exhibition (Tyler Keillor, University of Chicago) | Me with one of the models (John Weinstein, Field Museum) |
Anthropology Books
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